Organizational Complements to AI

The general-purpose-technology argument: AI productivity gains depend on complementary workflow, skill, and org-design changes (David's electrification analogy, Brynjolfsson's paradox) — OpenAI's Codex natural experiment (99.8% vs 16.5% usage of the same model) shows the gap is complements; also home to the HAT substitution model and Kalff & Simbeck's institutional complement.